12/23/14

Your homework for break is to complete Assignment 38. See below. Remember that this is in preparation for your populations unit exam on Thursday and Friday of next week.

Assignment 38 Reviewing Population Growth (Holiday Break Homework)

Answer all of the following questions to the best of your ability.

________ 1. According to the concept of the “demographic transition,” a population will go through a period of expansion, but later stabilize at:

A.  its original number

B.  at the maximum carrying capacity of the land

C.  at a population larger than before the transition, but with zero growth

D.  a constant rate of growth

E.  a level where deaths caused by famine and disease equal new births

________ 2. Human population growth rate underwent its greatest increase during which period of history?

A. pre-agricultural times                                            D. the Machine Age

B. pre-industrial times                                               E. the late 20^th century

C. the Roman Empire

________ 3. An age-structure diagram has the shape of a pyramid with a wide base. What type of population growth does it indicate?

A. Zero growth                                                            D. Rapid growth

B. Negative growth                                                     E. Unknown growth

C. Slow growth

________ 4. The “demographic transition” refers to:

A.  declining population growth rate following rapid growth

B.  democratic mandates for contraceptives to control human population growth

C.  the maximum human population sustainable by the Earth

D.  the transition from population growth to population decline

E.  overpopulation in less developed countries

________ 5. In developing nations, breastfeeding slows population growth because:

A.  it increases the average number of years between births

B.  it is healthy and decreases infant mortality

C.  it keeps the children from being hungry

D.  it increases the age at which women will bear their first child

E.  it decreases the frequency of sexual activity

________ 6. Human demography suggests that an improving economy in a country correlates with:

A.  decreased birth rate, increased population growth rate

B.  decreased death rate, increased population growth rate

C.  decreased birth rate, decreased population growth rate

D.  increased birth rate, decreased population growth rate

E.  increased birth rate, increased population growth rate

________ 7. How rapidly a population changes depends most upon (select the best answer):

A.  birth rates                                                              D.  maximum lifetime

B.  death rates                                                            E.  life expectancy

C.  growth rates

________ 8. The simplest and least controversial means of slowing population growth is:

A.  abortion                                                                 D.  no sexual activity before marriage

B.  birth control                                                           E.  sterilization

C.  delaying first childbearing

________ 9. Which of the following examples describes the S-shaped curve, exhibiting a population that grows rapidly but eventually reaches a constant population?

A. demographic transition                                          D. sustainability

B. replacement fertility curve                                     E. carrying capacity

C. logistic growth curve

________ 10. What eventually happens to k-strategists after logistic population growth?

A. The population continues to demonstrate linear growth.

B. Numbers in the population plummet due to disease and predation.

C. The population continues to demonstrate exponential growth.

D. Once the carrying capacity is reached, growth drops to zero.

E. The population’s growth passes an inflection point and increases.

________ 11. If China’s crude birth rate is 12 births per 1,000 people and its annual crude death rate is 7 deaths per 1,000 people, then in how many years from now can its population be expected to double?

A. 14 years                                                                  D. 96 years

B. 58 years                                                                  E. 140 years

C. 70 years

12. How does the total fertility rate (TFR) affect the population growth of a nation?

________ 13. A population of river otters has a growth rate of (r) of 0.2 per year.  If the population starts out with 50 individuals and there is no migration, how many would you expect after one year; after two years?

A. 10; 2                                                                        D. 60; 72

B. 52; 54                                                                      E. 70; 90

C. 60; 70         

           

________ 14. Which of the following is true?

A. Under ideal conditions, bacteria and eagle populations both grow exponentially.         

B. Populations of bacteria, which grow much faster than eagles, show exponential growth, whereas populations of eagles do not.

C. Because eagles grow to a larger size than bacteria, they have a J-shaped growth curve.         

D. The growth curve of bacteria is never constrained by K. 

E. Eagles are r-selected species while bacteria are usually K-selected species.

________ 15. The intrinsic growth rate of a population

A. directly affects environmental resistance.           

B. causes changes in birth rates without affecting death rates.       

C. causes changes in death rates without affecting birth rates.       

D. is the maximum rate at which a population may increase.         

E. all of the above

________ 16. A population of rabbits, introduced to an island, has rapid growth for a few years; then its growth slows.  The population becomes stable because

A. the carrying capacity has been reached.               D. r declines.

B. environmental  resistance declines.                      E. Bergman’s Principle takes effect.

C. immigration is reduced.    

           

________ 17. A population growing at 10% would double in

A. 7 years                                                                    D. 17 years

B. 10 years                                                                  E. Not enough information to tell

C. 15 years     

           

________ 18. Population size can be estimated using the formula

A. CBR + Immigration + CDR + Emigration                

B. CBR + Immigration – CDR – Emigration                

C. CBR + Immigration + CDR – Emigration
D. CBR – Immigration – CDR – Emigration
E. CBR – Immigration + CDR – Emigration

________ 19. Ivory Coast and China are two developing nations. China has a much larger per capita ecological footprint than Ivory Coast. This is most likely due to

I. China’s much larger population

II. China’s growing dependence on fossil fuels to drive their economy

III. Ivory Coast’s dependence on small scale and subsistence agriculture

IV. Ivory Coast’s much smaller GDP

A. I and II only                                                             D. I, III, and IV

B. I, II, and III                                                               E. I, II, and IV

C. II and III only          

                       

________ 20. Two populations of the same size have the same fertility rates. Which of the following should hold true?

A. Population ‘A’ should grow more quickly due to more years of possible child birthing. 

B. Population ‘B’ should grow more quickly because older mothers usually have lower infant mortality rates.

C. Populations ‘A’ and ‘B’ should grow at about the same rate.       

D. Population ‘A’ should grow more quickly because younger mothers usually have lower infant mortality rates E. There is not enough information to tell.

________ 21. According to the theory of demographic transition, the highest birth rates and death rates are likely to occur during phase

A. 1.                                                                             D. 4.    

B. 2.                                                                             E. 5.

C. 3.    

________ 22. Iran has a population of 77 million. In 2014, Iran recorded 19 births per 1000 people and 5 deaths/ 1000 people. Its annual rate of population change would be 

A. 0.14%                                                                      D. 7%

B. 0.7%                                                                        E. 14%

C. 1.4%

23. Explain the fact that, even though the U.S. total fertility rate is below replacement level, the total population is still growing.

24. Describe three basic ways by which any population with a positive growth rate can achieve zero population growth.