12A
Assignment 53 - Understanding
Ozone and Ozone Depletion
Answer all of the following
questions to the best of your ability.
1. Which of the following
statements is most accurate?
A. Ozone near the surface of Earth
protects us from ultraviolet radiation.
B. Ozone in the stratosphere
protects us from harmful radiation from the Sun.
C. Exposure to ozone increases
one’s risk of skin cancer.
D. Ozone is added to the
atmosphere by fossil fuels.
E. Ozone can form in the deep
ocean.
2. What role do
chlorofluorocarbons play in the environment?
A. They add ozone to the
troposphere. D. They lead to the
depletion of stratospheric ozone.
B. They add ozone to the
stratosphere. E. They no longer
pose a threat to the environment.
C. They lead to the depletion of
ground-level ozone.
3. What is the chemical formula for ozone
A. O D. CO2
B. O2 E. CH4
C. O3
4. Examine the following ambient air data collected for
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and answer the following questions.
2008 Monthly Ambient Air Monitoring Report, Pittsburgh, PA
|
Month
|
Monthly maximum ozone levels (ppb)
|
Monthly average ozone levels (ppb)
|
Monthly average solar radiation (watts/m2)
|
|
January
|
37
|
14
|
65
|
|
February
|
49
|
15
|
63
|
|
March
|
56
|
23
|
86
|
|
April
|
76
|
31
|
81
|
|
May
|
75
|
27
|
152
|
|
June
|
77
|
32
|
208
|
|
July
|
95
|
31
|
215
|
|
August
|
92
|
27
|
204
|
|
September
|
89
|
20
|
153
|
|
October
|
48
|
14
|
109
|
|
November
|
57
|
12
|
64
|
|
December
|
30
|
14
|
45
|
a. Based on the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS),
the 2008 standard for ozone states that the average ozone levels are not to
exceed 0.075 ppm (75 ppb) in any 8-hour period. Is Pittsburgh in compliance
with this standard? Discuss how this NAAQS may not truly reflect the overall
air quality.
b. Ozone is classified as a secondary pollutant. Describe how
ozone is formed from primary pollutants.
c. Interpret the data above and explain what happened in order to
produce it. For example, explain the pattern of ozone levels in Pittsburgh.
d. Explain how the same ozone that is harmful in the troposphere
is beneficial in the stratosphere.
12CD
Assignment 53 - Understanding Ozone and Ozone Depletion
Answer all of the following questions to the best of your ability.
1. Which of the following statements is most accurate?
A. Ozone near the surface of Earth protects us from ultraviolet radiation.
B. Ozone in the stratosphere protects us from harmful radiation from the Sun.
C. Exposure to ozone increases one’s risk of skin cancer.
D. Ozone is added to the atmosphere by fossil fuels.
E. Ozone can form in the deep ocean.
2. What role do chlorofluorocarbons play in the environment?
A. They add ozone to the troposphere. D. They lead to the depletion of stratospheric ozone.
B. They add ozone to the stratosphere. E. They no longer pose a threat to the environment.
C. They lead to the depletion of ground-level ozone.
3. The type(s) of ultraviolet radiation most strongly absorbed by ozone in the stratosphere would be
A. UVA. D. UVB and UVC.
B. UVB. E. UVA and UVB.
C. UVC.
4. In the mid 1970s, Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina predicted a thinning of the stratospheric ozone layer over Antarctica. The thinning was confirmed in the late twentieth century and has continued into the twenty-first century.
a. Identify the class of chemical compounds that is primarily responsible for the thinning of the stratospheric ozone layer and describe TWO major uses for which these chemicals were manufactured.
b. Describe how the chemical compounds that you identified in part a. destroy stratospheric ozone molecules. You may include chemical equations as part of your answer.
c. Identify the major environmental consequence of the depletion of stratospheric ozone and describe TWO effects on ecosystems and/or human health that can result.
d. Ozone formed at ground level is a harmful pollutant. Describe TWO effects that ground-level ozone can have on ecosystems and/or human health.
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